Spirulina is a microalgae that cannot be seen by the naked eye. It is a multi-cellular blue-green algae, grown in warm and brackish water, with alkaline properties. The most well-known strain of spirulina, researched in more than 30 countries by 4,000 scientists worldwide, is Spirulina platensis. The root of “spirulina” comes from Latin, meaning helix or spiral, and it refers to the spiral shape of the cells.
Spirulina's helix or spiral structure
Spirulina is typically found in fresh or brackish water. It is composed of 60-70% protein in dry weight. Its protein elements include 18 types of amino acids, several vitamins and minerals, thousands of enzymes and several essential and non-essential fatty acids.
Dunaliella salina is a single-celled, saltwater microalgae that accumulates massive amounts of carotenoids under appropriate growth conditions. It is characterized by its ability to accumulate very high concentrations of β-carotene. Concentrations of up to 14% of its dry weight have been reported (Aasen et al., 1969; Borowitzka, LJ et al., 1984). The green unicellular flagellate Dunaliella salina also accumulate very high concentrations of glycerol (Borowitzka, LJ and Brown, 1974; Borowitzka, LJ, 1981 b).
Dunaliella's rich beta carotene
Natural mixed carotenoids found in Dunaliella salina are among nature's best antioxidants, containing a variety of carotenoids such as β-carotene, α-carotene and xanthophylls like zeaxanthin, cryptoxanthin and lutein. Natural mixed carotenoids belong to a family of naturally occurring yellow, orange and red pigments, which are also found in various fruits, cruciferous, yellow and dark green vegetables and in abundance in certain microalgae.
Haematococcus pluvialis
Spirulina's helix or spiral structure
Spirulina is typically found in fresh or brackish water. It is composed of 60-70% protein in dry weight. Its protein elements include 18 types of amino acids, several vitamins and minerals, thousands of enzymes and several essential and non-essential fatty acids.
Dunaliella salina is a single-celled, saltwater microalgae that accumulates massive amounts of carotenoids under appropriate growth conditions. It is characterized by its ability to accumulate very high concentrations of β-carotene. Concentrations of up to 14% of its dry weight have been reported (Aasen et al., 1969; Borowitzka, LJ et al., 1984). The green unicellular flagellate Dunaliella salina also accumulate very high concentrations of glycerol (Borowitzka, LJ and Brown, 1974; Borowitzka, LJ, 1981 b).
Dunaliella's rich beta carotene
Natural mixed carotenoids found in Dunaliella salina are among nature's best antioxidants, containing a variety of carotenoids such as β-carotene, α-carotene and xanthophylls like zeaxanthin, cryptoxanthin and lutein. Natural mixed carotenoids belong to a family of naturally occurring yellow, orange and red pigments, which are also found in various fruits, cruciferous, yellow and dark green vegetables and in abundance in certain microalgae.
Haematococcus pluvialis
is believed to be by far the world's richest known source of astaxanthin, a unique natural carotenoid pigment and biological antioxidant. When compared with vitamin E, astaxanthin’s potency as an antioxidant ranges from approximately 80 to as much as 550 times greater. Additionally, when tested against a wide array of ROS and nitrogen-reactive species, astaxanthin appears to be the most effective in scavenging this wide variety of harmful products. Astaxanthin is known to be able to span the lipid/protein bilayer of biological membranes, imparting a powerful antioxidant effect.
Haematococcus: the richest source of astaxanthin
Haematococcus pluvialis' combination of carotenoids yields superior potency and versatility for an ideal antioxidant. Additionally, because its astaxanthin appears to enter the central nervous system better than many other antioxidants, its utility for many disorders of the central nervous system is promising.
Haematococcus yields mixed carotenoids
Haematococcus: the richest source of astaxanthin
Haematococcus pluvialis' combination of carotenoids yields superior potency and versatility for an ideal antioxidant. Additionally, because its astaxanthin appears to enter the central nervous system better than many other antioxidants, its utility for many disorders of the central nervous system is promising.
Haematococcus yields mixed carotenoids
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